When we think about lupus, we often focus on the more obvious symptoms—fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes. But did you know that lupus can also affect your oral health, including increasing your risk for cavities?
Let’s break down how this chronic autoimmune condition can impact your teeth and what you can do to protect your smile.
Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues. It can affect multiple organs—including your skin, joints, kidneys, heart, and even your mouth. One of the lesser-known effects of lupus is its impact on saliva production and oral health.
How Lupus Can Lead to Cavities
Here are a few ways lupus can contribute to cavities:
- Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Many people with lupus experience dry mouth. This may be caused directly by the disease or by medications used to treat it, such as immunosuppressants, antihypertensives, or antidepressants. Saliva is your mouth’s natural defense against cavities. It helps neutralize acids, wash away food particles, and remineralize your enamel. When saliva production drops, your teeth are more vulnerable to decay.
- Medications and Sugar: Some lupus medications come in syrup or lozenge form, which can be high in sugar. Others may alter your taste, making you crave sweets or acidic foods. Over time, this can contribute to plaque buildup and cavities.
- Fatigue and Oral Hygiene: Let’s be real: brushing and flossing twice a day can feel impossible when you’re dealing with lupus-related fatigue. But skipping oral care—even for a few days—can increase your risk of cavities and gum disease.
- Immune System Disruption: Because lupus alters your immune system, your body may not be as efficient at fighting off the bacteria that cause cavities. Inflammation in the mouth can also make gums more sensitive or swollen, making brushing uncomfortable and less effective.
If you’re living with lupus, look out for:
- Frequent dry mouth or sticky saliva
- Burning sensation on the tongue
- Difficulty chewing or swallowing dry foods
- Increased tooth sensitivity or pain
- White patches, sores, or ulcers in your mouth
Tips for Protecting Your Teeth: The good news? There’s a lot you can do to protect your oral health, even with lupus.
- Stay hydrated: Sip water throughout the day to keep your mouth moist. Chewing sugar-free gum can also stimulate saliva.
- Consider saliva substitutes or sprays: These can be especially helpful if you’re struggling with severe dry mouth.
- Talk to your doctor or dentist about medications: Some prescriptions can be adjusted to reduce dry mouth side effects.
- Stick to a routine: Use soft-bristled toothbrushes, brush gently, and try an electric toothbrush if manual brushing is hard on your joints.
- Limit sugar and acidic foods: Opt for mouth-friendly snacks like cheese, nuts, and crunchy veggies.
- Visit your dentist regularly: Be sure to let your dentist know you have lupus—they can tailor your care and watch for signs of dental complications early.
Managing lupus is already a lot, and adding dental concerns to the mix can feel overwhelming. But small steps can go a long way. Remember: taking care of your mouth is part of taking care of your whole body.
If you have lupus and are dealing with frequent cavities or mouth discomfort, talk to both your rheumatologist and your dentist. You deserve support on every front—especially when it comes to something as important as your smile.
